Reaching The Age of Adolescents_CBSE_Class 8

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Reaching the Age of Adolescence

(Q.) What are chromosomes?

(Ans)  Chromosomes are the thread-like structures that contain the instructions for determining the characteristics and sex of the individual.

(Q.) What is the period of adolescence?

(Ans)  Adolescence begins at the age of 11-12 and lasts upto 18-19 years of age.

(Q.) What do you understand by the term adolescence?

(Ans)  Adolescence is the period of life when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity.

(Q.) When does the puberty end?

(Ans)  Puberty ends when the person reaches reproductive maturity.

(Q.) Why is it necessary to eat right kind of food during the growing years?

(Ans)  It is necessary to eat right kind of food during the growing years to provide proper and adequate nourishment to the body for growth and development.

(Q.) What causes increase in height of the person during puberty?

(Ans)  Elongation of bones of legs and arms causes increase in height of the person during puberty.

(Q.) What is the other name for voice box in males?

(Ans)  Other name for voice box in males is Adam’s apple.

(Q.) Why does the voice of boys become hoarse during the age of adolescence?

(Ans)  During the age of adolescence, voice box increases in size due to which muscles of the voice box go out of control and thus voice becomes hoarse during the age of adolescence.

(Q.) How many pairs of chromosomes are there in the cells of human beings?

(Ans)  There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the cells of humans.

(Q.) What determines the sex of an unborn baby?

(Ans)  Sex chromosomes present in the cells of the baby determine the sex of an unborn baby.

(Q.) Why is iron necessary for the body?

(Ans)  Iron is necessary for the body to build blood.

(Q.) What is the function of mammary glands?

(Ans)  Mammary glands secrete milk in females.

(Q.) Name the hormone that causes metamorphosis in frogs.

(Ans)  Thyroxin hormone causes metamorphosis in frogs.

(Q.) What will be the sex of the individual with sex chromosomes as XY?

(Ans)  The individual with XY chromosomes will be a male

(Q.) Write the causes of:                 
(a)Diabetes
(B)Goiter

(Ans)  (a) Diabetes – Decreased secretion of insulin from pancreas.
(b) Goiter – Lack of iodine in the diet.

(Q.) What mental changes occur during puberty?

(Ans)  During puberty, adolescents become more independent and self-conscious. They have the greatest learning capacity at this stage.

(Q.) Why a girl should not become pregnant during teenage?

(Ans)  A girl should not become pregnant during teenage because early motherhood can cause health problems in the mother and the child. It is because a girl is not mentally and physically prepared for motherhood.

(Q.) What health measures should be taken to maintain good reproductive health?

(Ans)  Following health measures should be taken to maintain good reproductive health:

·  Person should take proper balanced diet.

·  Person should take adequate physical exercise.

·  Person should maintain personal hygiene

(Q.) What are the sources of: (a) Iron  (b) Proteins  (c) Carbohydrates?

(Ans)  (a) Sources of Iron – leafy vegetables, jaggery, etc.
(b) Proteins – Pulses, meat, etc
(c) Carbohydrates – Cereals, milk, etc.

(Q.) Write any five hormones along with their roles.

(Ans)  Different hormones along with their roles are

Hormone	Function
Growth hormone	Helps in growth of the body.
Insulin	Maintains amount of sugar in blood.
Testosterone	Causes secondary changes in boys.
Estrogen	Causes secondary changes in girls.
Adrenalin	Maintains correct salt balance in the blood.