Ammonia and HCL Question and Answers icse board

Q.1. (i) How is ammonia collected? Why is ammonia not collected over water ? 

(ii) Which compound is normally used as a drying agent for ammonia ?

Solution:

(i) (a) Ammonia gas is lighter than air and hence collected by the downward displacement of air.[V.D. of NH₃ = 8.5, V.D. of air = 14.4]

(b) Ammonia is not collected over water since it is highly soluble in water.

[1 vol. of water dissolves about 702 vol. at 20 ºC and 1 atmos. pressure].

(ii) Quicklime [CaO]. (iii) Quicklime [CaO].

Q.2. (i) What is the purpose of Haber’s Process.

(ii) Name the gaseous inputs of the Haber’s process and state the ratio by volume in which the gases are mixed.

(iii) What is done to increase the rate of the reaction in the Haber’s Process.

(iv) Give two different ways by which the product can be separated from the reactant.

(v) Write the equation for the reaction in the Haber’s Process that forms ammonia.

(vi) State the purpose of liquefying the ammonia produced in the process.

Solution:

(i) Manufacture of Ammonia.

(ii) Nitrogen [N₂] and Hydrogen [H₂] in the ratio 1:3 by volume.

(iii) Temperature is kept low and pressure high.

(iv) (a) Liquefaction – Ammonia is easily liquefied and hence separated from nitrogen and hydrogen. (b) Dissolving in water – Ammonia is highly soluble in water and hence separated from nitrogen and hydrogen.

(v) N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃ + Δ.

(vi) Ammonia is easily liquefied while nitrogen and hydrogen are not easily separated. Hence ammonia is separated from nitrogen and hydrogen.

(vii) N₂ + 3H₂ → 2 NH₃ + Δ.

Ratio of nitrogen and hydrogen is taken as 1:3. Temperature is kept 450-500ºC and pressure at 200 to 900 atmos. Catalyst iron with promoter molybdenum is used.

Q.3. (i) Write equation for the following:

(a) Burning of ammonia in oxygen (b) Catlytic oxidation of ammonia. What do you observe in (a)? Name the catalyst used in (b). In the reaction referred to in (b), the catalyst glows red hot. Why? What is the name of the industrial process which starts with the reaction referred to in .

Solution:

(i) (a) 4NH₃ + 3O₂ → 2N₂ + 6H₂O.

                            Pt
(b) 4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O + Δ .
                          800ºC 

Observation – Dry ammonia does not burn when passed through ignited tube. When ammonia is passed through ignited tube with a passage of oxygen, ammonia burns with a greenish yellow flame forming nitrogen and water. 

Catalyst – Catalyst used is Platinum. The catalyst glows since the catalytic oxidation of ammonia is an exothermic reaction.
The industrial process is known as ‘Ostwald’s Process’ for the manufacture of Nitric Acid.

Q.4. (i) Name a simple method you would employ to prepare ammonium salts in your laboratory.  

(ii) What property of ammonia is demonstrated by the Fountain Experiment. Write the balanced equation for the reaction between ammonia and sulphuric acid.

(iii) Choose the correct word from the brackets for each sentence and write a balanced equation for the same.

(a) Ammonium chloride is a soluble salt prepared by ______ (precipitation, neutralization).

(b) When ammonium chloride is heated, it undergoes thermal ______ (decomposition / dissociation).

(iv) Name a gas whose solution in water is alkaline.

(v) Name the ion other than ammonium ion formed when ammonia dissolves in water.

(vi) Select the correct compound from the list given – Ammonia, Copper oxide, Copper sulphate, Hydrogen chloride, Hydrogen sulphide, Lead bromide – which matches the description given below:

Although this compound is not a metal hydroxide, its aqueous solution is alkaline in nature.    

      
Solution:

(i) Neutralization : Ammonia in the gaseous form or in aqueous solution [NH4OH] neutralizes acids forming the respective ammonium salts.

(ii) Fountain Experiment demonstrate the high solubility of ammonia gas in water.

2NH₃ + H₂SO₄ → (NH₄)2SO₄.

(iii)(a) neutralization.

NH₄OH + HCl → NH₄Cl + H₂O

(b) dissociation.

(iv) Ammonia.

(v) Hydroxyl ion [OH^– ]

(vi) Ammonia

Q.5. (i) Write the equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with manganese (IV) oxide.

(ii)Name the lead compound that can be used to oxidize hydrogen chloride to chlorine.

(iii) Manganese (IV) oxide, lead (IV) oxide and red lead [Pb₃O₄] react with conc. HCl liberating chlorine. (a) What is the common property being shown by these metal oxides. (b) Write the equation for the reaction of conc. HCl with Pb₃O₄.

(iv) Write balanced equations for the reaction of manganese (IV) oxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid.

(v) Select the correct compound from the list – Ammonia, Copper oxide, Copper sulphate, Hydrogen chloride, Hydrogen sulphide, Lead bromide – which matches with the description given below : This compound can be oxidized to chlorine. 

Solution:

(i) MnO₂ + 4HCl → MnCl₂ + 2H₂O + Cl₂.

(ii) Lead dioxide (PbO₂) and Red lead (Pb₃O₄).

(iii) (a) They are oxidizing agent.

(b) Pb₃O₄ + 8HCl → 3PbCl₂ + 4H₂O + Cl₂ ↑

(iv) MnO₂ + 4HCl → MnCl₂ + 2H₂O + Cl₂.

(v) Hydrogen chloride.

.
Q6.  Hydrogen chloride dissolves in water forming an acidic solution. Give three distinct tests [apart from using an indicator] you would carry out with this solution to illustrate the typical properties of an acid.

(ii) (a) Hydrochloric acid reacts with active metals to liberate a colourless and odourless gas which burns with a popping sound liberating hydrogen gas.

Mg + 2HCl (dil.) → MgCl₂ + H₂. 

(b) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with metallic carbonate and bicarbonate to liberate a colourless and odourless gas with brisk effervescence which turns lime water milky i.e. CO₂.

Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl (dil.) → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ 

Confirmatory test :

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O.

(c) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with metallic sulphite and bisulphate to liberate a colourless gas having smell of burning Sulphur which turns acidified potassium dichromate paper from orange to green and potassium permanganate solution from purple to colourless.

Na₂SO₃ + 2HCl (dil.) → 2NaCl + H₂O + SO₂

Q7.  Write the equation for the equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with lead nitrate solution.

Sol. When dilute HCl is added to lead nitrate solution a white precipitate soluble in hot water but insoluble in cold water is formed.

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2HCl → PbCl₂ ↓ + 2HNO₃.

(Q8) Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with (a) copper oxide (b) zinc (c) calcium bicarbonate.

Sol.  (iv) (a) CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂O 

(b) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H₂

(c) Ca(HCO₃)2 + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂.

Q.9.  What must be added to sodium chloride to obtain hydrogen chloride. Write the equation for the reaction.

Solution:

(i) Concentrated sulphuric acid.

NaCl + H₂SO₄ (Conc.) → NaHSO₄ + HCl ↑

2NaCl + H₂SO₄ (Conc.) → Na₂SO₄ + 2HCl ↑ 

Maths Linear Equation, shares and divident Worksheet

Question 1. If Rs 200 shares of a company are quoted at Rs 300, find the number of shares bought for Rs 25200.

Question 2. A company with 20,000 shares of Rs 80 each declares an annual dividend of 6%. Find the total amount of dividend paid by the company.

Question 3.  The graphical solution of -1 < x < 2 on number line is

Question 4.  The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle exceeds one side by 2 cm and the other side by 16cm; find the length of the hypotenuse of the triangle.

Question 5. Find two natural numbers whose sum is 10 and differences of whose squares is 40.

Question 6. Find the value of 'a' such that (x-1) is the factor of x² + ax +9.

Question 7.  If the equation px² – 6x – 2 = 0 has real roots then, ________

Question 8. A two digit number contains the smaller of the two digits in the ten’s place. The product of the digits is 12 and the sum of the digits is 7. Find the number.

Question 9. The factors of the polynomial  4 ²+ 12+ 9 are

Question 10. The solutions of the equation: x² + 2x - 143 = 0

Question.11. If the interest is compounded half yearly, calculate the amount when the Principal is Rs7,400, the rate of interest is 5% per annum and the duration is one year. (Rs7774.63)

Question 12.Anuj deposited Rs 80 per month in a recurring deposit account for 1 year at the rate of 10% p.a. Find the amount he will get on maturity.

Question 13. Manju holds 100 shares of face value of Rs 20 each. The company declares a dividend of 20%. Find her income.

Reproduction Questions Class 10 CBSE

1.     What method will you use for growing jasmine and rose plants?

2.     What is reproduction

3.     Define vegetative propagation? Name three methods of vegetative propagation?

4.     Explain the terms fission and regeneration?

5.     How does binary fission differ by multiple fission

6.     Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms can not give rise to new individuals through regeneration?

7.     What are viviparous and Oviparous  animals

Short answer questions

1.     Give two differences between fission and fragmentation

2.     Name the type of pollination carried out by amoeba

3.     The grafted protion of plant is called_______________

4.     Yeast multiplies by _______________

5.     Budding is a method of asexual reproduction in ____________

6.     Where is DNA contained in a cell

7.     Write two advantages of grafting

8.      The small external projection on the parent body of Hydra is called:

9.      A Piece of Potato tuber will form a new plant if it possesses:

10.             Plasmodium divides by______________

11.            The capacity of organisms to reproduce after being cut into many pieces is called:

12.            The process by which root, stem and leaves give rise to new plants is called:

13.            The thread like structures that develop in the bread mould are___________

14.            What are viviparous and Oviparous  animals

15.             The structures involved in asexual reproduction of rhizopus are_____________

Management of Natural Resources CBSE 10 class

Q1. Who is a Stake Holder? Name different kinds of stakeholder

Q2. In ___________year Amrita Devi Bishoni led a group of ___________people and sacrificed their lives for the protection of khejri trees I Khejrali village near jodhpur

Q3.Explain briefly about Chipko andolan.  From which village Chipko andolan originated?

Q4. State some measures for the conservation of the wild life?

Q5. What is silviculture and what are its advantages?

Q6. What is meant by rain water harvesting?

Q7. What are the advantages of water stored in the ground?

Q8. Name two factors which can be used to find whether the river water is contaminated or not?

Q9. State some advantages of constructing dams over river?

Q10. Describe some problems associated with contruction of dams in river?